Sodium Alginate from <I>Padina australis</I> Modulates Innate Immune and Immune Gene Expression in Red Tilapia (<I>Oreochromis</I> sp.)

Highlight Research Development of immunostimulant from natural sources is a promising approach to improve the immune status fish Dietary administration sodium alginate Padina australis at 2.0 g/kg was an effective for red tilapia Red fed diet with significantly increased innate responses TLC, PA, respiratory burst, SOD, TPP, lysozyme, and ACH50 activity modulated genes expression GPx, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-10, TGF-β1, Hepcidin Abstract The study derived has received considerable attention in recent years. Indonesian coasts have various immunostimulant, especially brown algae, which are rich alginate. This research investigated response (Oreochromis sp.) after being diets supplemented alginates (SA) alga, australis, originating Awur Bay, Jepara, Indonesia. work provided comprehensive information regarding interaction cellular-humoral immunity gene expression. SA-containing doses 0, 2, 3 4 12 days, then blood samples were collected on days 3, 6, 9, evaluate total leucocyte count (TLC), phagocytic activity/index (PA/PI), superoxide dismutase (SOD), alternative complement (ACH50) activity, plasma protein (TPP), (blood sample day 6). immunological parameters improved administered period. SA enhanced count, dismutase, whereas index not different. Furthermore, mRNA levels antioxidant-related (GPx), pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α except IL-1β), antimicrobial peptides (Hepcidin) upregulated. Meanwhile, anti-inflammatory (IL-10 TGF-β1) downregulated. Supplementation as lowest dose revealed most effects potential aquaculture.